First Steps for Foreigners Who Want to Settle in Spain

• August 19, 2025
• Alejandro Postigo
• no comments

Spain has become one of the most attractive destinations for those wishing to live, work or retire abroad. Its quality of life, climate, healthcare system and relatively low cost of living make it a top choice for both EU and non-EU citizens.

However, legally settling in Spain requires advance planning and compliance with various legal and administrative requirements. In this article, we guide you step by step through the process of establishing yourself in Spain as a foreigner, from a legal, tax and practical perspective.

1. Choose the Right Type of Residency

The first step is to define your main reason for moving to Spain, as this determines the type of permit or visa you’ll need:

• Non-lucrative residence permit: For those wishing to live in Spain without working (retirees, passive income holders).
• Work visa as an employee: Requires a formal job offer approved by immigration authorities.
• Self-employed or entrepreneur visa: For those starting their own business or freelance activity.
• Student visa: If you plan to study at a Spanish institution.
• EU citizen registration: A simpler process but still involves certain administrative steps.

2. Apply for a Visa from Your Home Country

For non-EU nationals, the visa application must be submitted at the Spanish consulate in your country of residence. You’ll generally need:

• A valid passport
• Proof of sufficient financial means
• Health insurance
• Criminal record certificate
• In some cases, a job offer, business plan, or enrolment confirmation

This process can take several weeks, so it’s advisable to start early.

3. Register with the Local Town Hall (Empadronamiento)

Once in Spain, one of your first steps should be registering at your local town hall (known as empadronamiento). This is essential to:

• Access the public healthcare system
• Apply for your health card
• Renew residence permits
• Register children in school

To register, you’ll need your passport and a rental contract or property deed.

4. Obtain Your NIE (Foreigner Identification Number)

The NIE is your unique foreigner identification number, required for virtually all legal and tax matters in Spain, including:

• Opening a bank account
• Buying property
• Signing employment contracts
• Paying taxes
• Registering a business

It’s issued by the Foreigners’ Office or police station, and you must request it by appointment.

5. Open a Spanish Bank Account

While not legally required, having a Spanish bank account will make daily life easier. It allows for paying rent, utilities, receiving wages and complying with local financial procedures. Most banks offer non-resident accounts with varying conditions.

6. Understand Your Tax Residency Status

If you spend more than 183 days per year in Spain, you’ll be considered a Spanish tax resident, which implies:

• Declaring your worldwide income in Spain
• Paying IRPF (Personal Income Tax)
• Complying with obligations like the Modelo 720 (declaration of overseas assets)

It’s important to get early advice to avoid penalties and optimise your tax position.

7. Access the Spanish Healthcare System

Once registered and with your NIE, you can request a public health card. Alternatively, many foreigners start with private health insurance, especially in the early stages or if they don’t qualify for public coverage.

8. Schooling and Family Life

If relocating with children, Spain offers public, semi-private (concertado), and private schools. Registration is usually done between March and May, depending on the autonomous region.

9. Professional Advice: Essential for a Smooth Transition

Settling in Spain as a foreigner involves navigating immigration, legal and tax regulations. Mistakes with visas, tax declarations or residence registration can lead to serious issues.

At MJ Consulting, we offer:

• Immigration advice: visas, residence permits and nationality
• Tax and accounting services: for both residents and non-residents
• Property and investment consulting
• Full support for entrepreneurs and foreign professionals

Conclusion

Relocating to Spain can be a life-changing and rewarding experience, but requires careful attention to legal, financial and practical steps. From visas to tax residency, expert guidance can save you stress, money, and future complications.

Thinking of moving to Spain?

At MJ Consulting, we guide you through every step of your legal, tax and administrative process with confidence and professionalism.

Contact us today and begin your new life in Spain with peace of mind and full legal compliance.

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